March 31, 2009

Case-Shiller: Home Prices Drop Slow and Steady to Early ’03 Levels

Let’s check in on the S&P/Case-Shiller Home Price Indices (HPI).

For an explanation of how the Case-Shiller data is calculated, check out their methodology pdf. Also remember that the data released on the last Tuesday of a given month is for the period two months prior (i.e. – January data is released in March).

Here are the basic Case-Shiller stats for the Boston area* as of January:

January 2009
Month to Month: Down 1.5%
Year to Year: Down 7.3%
Change from Peak: Down 17.4% in 40 months

The following chart shows the Boston area HPI scaled such that the September 2005 peak is 100% on the y-axis. Data on the x-axis is scaled to display the last time (pre-peak) the Boston area HPI was at or lower than it was in the latest data (April 2003).

boston case shiller peak 2009 01 Case Shiller: Home Prices Drop Slow and Steady to Early 03 Levels

Price declines in the last few months of data have actually been relatively mild in and around Boston, compared to what we’re seeing in other markets around the country. In addition, the drop from December to January held a pretty steady rate that Boston has seen since about September. At least it’s a form of “stability,” right?

Here’s a chart of Case-Shiller HPIs for all the markets that Redfin serves, so you can compare the Boston area’s performance to other areas across the country:

case shiller redfin markets 2009 01 Case Shiller: Home Prices Drop Slow and Steady to Early 03 Levels

And here’s our final chart, in which we line up the peak Case-Shiller HPI value for each of Redfin’s markets, so we can see how long each market has been declining, and how much it has dropped from the peak.

case shiller peak declines 2009 01 Case Shiller: Home Prices Drop Slow and Steady to Early 03 Levels

Boston still stands out from the pack with one of the smallest overall declines, despite having been falling the longest. If anyone has any theories as to why that might be, let’s hear them in the comments.

*[Case-Shiller defines Boston as the entire Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all or part of the following counties: Essex MA, Middlesex MA, Norfolk MA, Plymouth MA, Suffolk MA, Rockingham NH, and Strafford NH.]


  • Todd
    Regarding Boston not declining as much as other cities :

    What about rental income? It seems like Boston has a never-ending supply of college students, so owners know they can get a steady return via renting out a unit rather than sell it at fire-sale prices.
  • Jon
    I always look forward to these updates, so thank you very much. Also thanks to Nick for the insightful comment. I've also wondered if the upcoming mortgage resets are going to start accelerating the drop even faster.

    It's tough to predict though. My wife and I are looking at houses, and while we're not in a super rush, I can't help but be tempted by the $8000 federal credit. Plus, with mortgage rates ridiculously low, we don't want to miss out on locking in on something like a 4.75% rate.

    On the other hand, it'd hurt to buy a house this year and see it drop a few tens of thousands of dollars over the next few years.

    The areas where we are looking are declining very slowly though (Danvers and Beverly mostly). I was hoping for prices to drop quicker as we neared the summer months, but I don't see that happening really.
  • Nick,
    You make a good case. I always figured Bostons relative stability is due in part to a higher percentage of antique homes with costlier renovation costs.
  • Nick
    Here's a brain dump, feel free to sift through it and make corrections where needed:

    If you track Case-Shiller back to 1995 or so, scaling the y-axis relative to 1995 prices, you'll notice that the index for Boston starts to pull away from other cities as early as late 1998/early 1999. This early acceleration could be due to the dot-com boom, particularly since the other city which happened to experience disproportionate growth in this period was San Francisco. However, SF fell back when this bubble burst in 2001, while Boston maintained its steady climb, which continued even as other bubble cities started to veer upwards in 2002-2004.

    So, for whatever reason, I'm thinking that Boston is experiencing a relatively gradual fall which matches its relatively gradual growth starting in the late 90's. However, I can't think of any particularly good reason why a slow incline necessarily means a slow decline. My best guess is that the Boston market was less exposed to speculation due to the region already starting off with relatively expensive prices in the early stages of the bubble, but this is totally a guess.

    Something worth considering is how prices have gone through the floor in areas with high sub-prime loan percentages like Dorchester, Mattapan, and South Boston, while more upscale neighborhoods are relatively calm so far, albeit still declining at a steady pace. However, the upcoming Alt-A and Option-ARM mortgage resets over the next 2-3 years could expose even upscale areas, since those mortgages tended to be given to people who had better credit than sub-prime borrowers. Given enough exposure to these mortgages, Boston's steady decline could accelerate as a result.

    Additionally, it's worth noting that the NYC index is following a similar path, so these two markets may have something in common.
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