Real Estate Taxes: How Do Californians Fare?
In addition to the big-ticket prices that people in the Bay Area pay for homes, there is the big-ticket property tax that has to be paid. Thanks to Proposition 13 (which coincidentally kept me from getting a county job back in 1980), taxes remain fairly stable throughout the duration of ownership of a home. The tax rate limited by Prop 13 is a max of 1.2% of the home’s assessed value, plus any special city, county or state assessments, with increases not to exceed more than 2% per year. This is good news for your grandparents and parents, and you, if you have owned the home for a significant period of time. But for new homeowners, it can be a big shock. There is a general tax levy of 1%, but each county has its own additional taxes. For example in San Mateo County the annual property tax is 1.06% and in San Francisco it is 1.141%. How do California property taxes fare against the rest of the United States?
Unlike California, 37 states have state property taxes in addition to whatever the local jurisdiction (city or county) charges. That means higher property taxes for those particular states. Overall, it sucks to live in New Hampshire, Connecticut, New York and Massachusetts, as these states have the highest taxes based on Census Bureau information. States like New Hampshire do not have taxes on wages, choosing to obtain 43% of state funds from homeowners. On the other end of the spectrum are southern states, such as Arkansas, Mississippi, West Virginia, Alabama and Louisiana. According to the “Residential Real Estate Tax Rates in the American Community Survey” authored by Natalia Siniavskaia, Ph.D. and published on HousingEconomics.com, the three states with the most expensive homes (California, Hawaii, and D.C) have some of the lowest property tax rates in the nation.
If you live in California, the average property tax rate is $4.77 per $1000 of value. It took me awhile to reconcile this with the above referenced rate of 1.06%. But it is based on home values now and taxes collected now. For example, if you bought a house in 1995 for $315,000, you would currently be paying about $4000/year in taxes. That house is now worth approximately $1,000,000, but you aren’t paying 1.06% on that value. Because of Prop 13, you are only paying .4% or about $4 per $1000 of value. People who have been in their home for 30 years may only be paying $1-2 per $1000 of value, while today’s buyers are paying $10.60 per $1000, averaging out to that $4.77 I mention above. (Hope I got that right!)
So it appears, that while our home prices are still exorbitant by most state’s standards, our tax rate is within reason. Chalk one up for California…..
Recent Sweet Digs Posts:
Homebuyers and Sellers: Get Smart for Free
Bang for Your Buck: Redwood City Reductions of 10% or $100k+
Dirt-Cheap Condos in Richmond’s Marina Bay
Taking Advantage of Foreclosures in Marin
David said:
Property taxes outside of New Jersey (where they are atrocious–typically around $12,000 on a $600,000 house) are suprisingly “fixed.” The rates vary due to property values, but the actual amount paid in the localities I’ve lived are surprisingly similar.
Examples:
Milwaukee. $200,000 house, $4,000 property tax bill (from 10+ years ago, need to adjust for inflation now)
Madison. $180,000 house, $4,000 property tax bill (less than 10 years ago)
Chicago. $590,000 house, $6,400 tax bill.
San Leandro. $435,000 house, $5,400 tax bill.
All about the same amounts, especially adjusted for inflation. Interesting.
August 5, 2008 8:58 AM
susan.brady said:
Those are surprisingly similar amounts, but on different values of property. And actually, New Jersey repealed/modified its property tax recently, so its not quite as horrific as it once was.
August 5, 2008 10:48 AM
Red said:
I always wonder why there hasn’t been a revolt by new homeowners and repeal of Prop 13. Maybe now that all those who bought in the last four or five years will not be benefiting from it?
I bought 22 years ago, so I’m paying about 50% more in prop taxes than then, while the value of my home has quadrupled. Anyone buying the worst condo in town ends up paying more in taxes on it than I do on my home, even as they are burdened by far higher payments on their loan.
Is the attraction of not having the taxes rise when the home value goes up, sufficient to feel that this is fair? How about when home values drop each year, for years?
August 5, 2008 12:12 PM
Rick said:
You can petition for your taxes to go down if your property values fall. I am not sure why new owners would revolt against Prop 13, do they really think that their tax would drop below 1% if granny next door had to pay more? I doubt it; instead the extra funds would just get spent.
My inlaws live in New Jersey and they pay a truckload more money in property tax, close to double what I pay. The funny thing is that they gripe about how “screwy” it is in California that we have to pay for garbage service, how I occasionally take a load to the dump, etc. They can’t seem to make the connection between their better garbage service and their extremely high prop taxes.
August 5, 2008 12:17 PM
David said:
I’m a new homeowner here, I love prop 13. I can actually project what my payments will be forever, as long as I stay in the house.
The real “negative” about prop 13 is that once you’re in your place for, say, 10 or more years, it creates a real negative incentive to move to somewhere else in california.
Your alternative is like in Chicago, where I was socked with a >$1,000 annual tax hike one year.
August 5, 2008 1:55 PM
GMR said:
I live in CT, and a friend was running for state rep and asked for my advice on property taxes, so I looked into Prop 13.
Prop 13 seems absolutely insane to me, and I’m about as free-market, low-tax oriented as you can get. It just seems insane that new homeowners are taxed so much more than old homeowners. It doesn’t seem to have made overall taxes in California lower; instead, it’s just shifted them to income tax, etc. It’s unfair because identical condo units are taxes massively differently based on how long people have lived there. It can’t do much to impose fiscal discipline. Here in CT, if we elect a town council that decides our town needs a new rec center or pool or new high school, our property taxes go up. But if our property taxes were fixed, or could only go up 2%, would we really care?
If you are interested in having a smaller government, it would seem it would be a better idea to cap spending instead of taxes. Or better still, elect mayors, town councilmen, etc who won’t spend so much money.
CT is often at the top of the list of tax burdens because we have high incomes and thus pay lots of federal taxes. But there are some other quirks here. First, we have no county governments. We have 169 separate towns, and they all do their own schools, snow plowing, road repair, etc. In a few cases, really small towns pool resources. Towns raise almost all their money through property taxes. Income (5%) and sales (6%) taxes are paid to the state government, none stays local. So towns that spend a lot have high property taxes, as do towns that severely restrict commercial development. Reassessments are done every few years, so while they might be slightly off, it’s nothing like in the land of California and Prop 13.
CT and NJ have a weird aspect regarding income tax. We both send lots of workers into New York City every day. Those people — many highly paid — pay taxes to NY state, so they don’t pay taxes in CT and NJ on their incomes. NY raises well over 10% of its state budget from commuting workers. So it wants no reciprocity with neighboring states. So NJ and CT can’t really rely on income tax to save the day: raising the income tax rate has no effect on many of the highest wage earners.
NH is in a similar boat with MA: while it doesn’t levy an income tax, if it did, it would find that many people wouldn’t pay anything to NH because they were paying it to MA. States with big commuting populations have to rely on property taxes. (DC is prevented by law from levying tax on MD and VA residents; DE has a reciprocal agreement with MD and PA. Not sure about NJ and PA or IN and IL or WI and MN. However, CT and NJ send a huge percentage of people out of state each day compared so WI or IN).
Just about every part of state is within an hour of a state line, so high sales taxes will result in a fairly significant people purchasing in neighboring states when possible.
August 10, 2008 7:06 PM
LVTfan said:
Interesting that the places which have high property taxes also have the largest proportion of children attending first class colleges, isn’t it?
And how are California’s students doing these days?
And tell me about housing affordability in California, and the homeownership rates.
Property taxes are very much tied in with housing affordability, but not in the way you might think.
And part of the property tax — the portion that falls on land values — is probably the best tax ever devised.
Leave it to California to put a ceiling on it, and force its residents to tax things like work, and sales, and buildings. Dumb, dumber and dumbest!
Get rid of Prop 13, treat all Californians as if you really believed they were created equal, and watch California blossom.
Or keep doing what you’re doing, and complain about poverty, long commutes, unaffordable housing, children who are struggling to learn in underfunded schools … all of which could be fixed, if you turned off the 3rd rail. Or stop complaining and enjoy the PRIVILEGE of being subsidized by your less fortunate neighbors.
August 13, 2008 10:36 AM
Kane said:
Prop 13 is probably one of the worst things that has happened to California. Why? Because it creates an environment that feeds off of rising home prices without any recourse. So, we’re stuck with it…but, what can we do? Here’s my suggestions. Only base home values on the last assessed value. So, if you want to find out what a house in the Outer Sunset is worth. Assess it based on the actual assessed value of the houses in the area. Than, you will know what the value of the house really is. Basically, what I’m saying is that houses are currently way overvalued and they will drop dramatically over the next several years (until the value of the dollar drops that is…)
September 21, 2008 9:01 PM